The price of the basic unit of heavy equipment consists of:
• Cost plan (initial cost or capital cost) ---> Owning Cost
• operation & maintenance costs (direct operational and maintenance costs) -----> Operational Cost
• Cost plan (initial cost or capital cost) ---> Owning Cost
• operation & maintenance costs (direct operational and maintenance costs) -----> Operational Cost
Would cost
Would cost (return on capital and interest) each year is calculated as follows:
Would cost (return on capital and interest) each year is calculated as follows:
Where:
G | = | cost per hour would |
B | = | price of a local tool • If the procurement of equipment not through dealers, which are referred to the local price of the CIF price plus handling cost (entrance fees, rental fees incliring warehouse, freight etc) to the buyers warehouse • When buying local means through the dealer / agent is a price to the buyer's warehouse |
C | = | The value of residual (salvage value) the value / price of the related equipment after its economic life ends. Usually this value is taken 10% of the initial cost (cost of a local appliance) |
D | = | factor installment / return on capital |
A | = | economic life of equipment (Economic Life Years) in the year depending on length of usage levels and standards of the manufacturer |
F | = | Insurance costs, taxes, etc. per year. The value is usually taken for two of the initial cost per mile or two per cent of the remaining value of equipment F = 0.002*B atau F = 0,02*C |
W | = | Number of hours of work tools in a single year • For heavy duty equipment (possible to work continuously throughout the year) is considered 8 hours / day and 250 days / year, then: W = 8 * 250 * 1 = 2000 hours / year • For equipment that is being considered on duty eight hours / days and 200 days / year, then: W = 8 * 200 * 1 = 16 000 hours / year For light duty equipment is considered 8 hours / day and 150 days / year, then: W = 8 * 150 * 1 = 1200 hours / year |
Operation and Maintenance Costs
Operating and maintenance costs are theoretically
The amount of operating and maintenance costs of each unit of equipment that is used is calculated as follows:
The cost of fuel and maintenance costs
Fuel costs (H)
Supplies of fuel per hour taken from the relevant equipment manual. Fuel requirement is a requirement of fuel for the propulsion machinery following fuel used for the production process (eg AMP include fuel for heating and drying aggregate),.
Lubricants (I)
Lubricant material which includes engine oil material, the hydraulic oil, transmission oil, power steering lubricants, grease and so forth. Needs lubricant per hour can be calculated based on the needs of oil divided by how many hours required will need to replace oil (oil type and conformed to the manual of the relevant equipment)
Cost of care / workshop (J)
Maintenance costs include the cost of replacing oil filter, filter / filters, and others.
The cost of repairs / spare parts (K)
• Cost of replacement tires
• The cost of replacing worn parts (not spare parts) such as conveyor belts, sieve for crushed stone aggregate / AMP, etc.
Reimbursement • battery / battery
• Improved tools
Operator (M)
Wages in the operating costs are usually divided between wages for operators / drivers and maid service wages. The amount of wages for operators / drivers and helpers are calculated according to the "large wage calculation" in which wages accounted for operators and assistants per hour wage an effective hours of work.
Operation and maintenance costs approach
Given the many variety of equipment from various brands that will be used, the estimator will have difficulty if the calculation of operating and maintenance costs using the manual of each instrument in question. To simplify the calculation of operating costs and maintenance of the equipment can be used in formulas that apply the approach to the whole range of equipment.
Because this formula approach to nature, so if the formula is applied to calculate the cost of operation and maintenance of one kind peraltan results will be less accurate. But if the equipment is used to calculate all the results are still within the bounds of reasonableness.
Calculation formulas approach the operation and maintenance costs are as follows:
Fuel costs (H)
The amount of fuel used for the engine is hung from the large machines used kapasitass measured by HP (horse power).
H = (05.12 s / d 17.05)% * HP
Where:
H = amount of fuel used in one hour (liters)
HP = horse power
For light duty tool multiplier is used 12.5%, while for heavy duty equipment used in the multiplier 17.5%.
Lubricant Cost (I)
The amount of lubricant (the use of lubricants including grease) used for the equipment concerned is calculated based on engine capacity, as measured by HP.
I = (1 s / d 2)% * HP
Where:
I = the amount of lubricant consumption in the first hour (liters)
HP = horse power
For the simple equipment used in the multiplier 1%, whereas for a fairly complex equipment used in the multiplier 2%.
The cost of repairs and maintenance (K)
For calculating the cost of spare parts, tires, batteries and repair equipment, etc. associated with less improvement in the per-use approach to working hours as follows:
K = (05.12 s / d 17.05)% * B / W
Where:
B = cost of equipment
W = number of working hours within one year
For light duty tool multiplier is used 12.5%, while for heavy duty equipment used in the multiplier 17.5%.
Equipment rental costs
Equipment rental fee per hour is the sum would cost + operating and maintenance costs.
Problem:
Calculate the cost of certain and maintenance costs + operating costs Excavator with 80 HP power and capacity of 0.5 m3. Other data as follows:
• The economic life : 5 years
• Working hours in a year : 2000 hours
• The price of the appliance: Rp. 2,000,000,000, -
• Interest rate : 20% per year
• Wage operators : Rp. 12 500, - per hour
• Wage assistant operator : Rp. 7500, - per hour
• diesel fuel : Rp. 4500, - per liter
• Lubricating Oil : USD. 29 000, - per liter
Operating and maintenance costs are theoretically
The amount of operating and maintenance costs of each unit of equipment that is used is calculated as follows:
The cost of fuel and maintenance costs
Fuel costs (H)
Supplies of fuel per hour taken from the relevant equipment manual. Fuel requirement is a requirement of fuel for the propulsion machinery following fuel used for the production process (eg AMP include fuel for heating and drying aggregate),.
Lubricants (I)
Lubricant material which includes engine oil material, the hydraulic oil, transmission oil, power steering lubricants, grease and so forth. Needs lubricant per hour can be calculated based on the needs of oil divided by how many hours required will need to replace oil (oil type and conformed to the manual of the relevant equipment)
Cost of care / workshop (J)
Maintenance costs include the cost of replacing oil filter, filter / filters, and others.
The cost of repairs / spare parts (K)
• Cost of replacement tires
• The cost of replacing worn parts (not spare parts) such as conveyor belts, sieve for crushed stone aggregate / AMP, etc.
Reimbursement • battery / battery
• Improved tools
Operator (M)
Wages in the operating costs are usually divided between wages for operators / drivers and maid service wages. The amount of wages for operators / drivers and helpers are calculated according to the "large wage calculation" in which wages accounted for operators and assistants per hour wage an effective hours of work.
Operation and maintenance costs approach
Given the many variety of equipment from various brands that will be used, the estimator will have difficulty if the calculation of operating and maintenance costs using the manual of each instrument in question. To simplify the calculation of operating costs and maintenance of the equipment can be used in formulas that apply the approach to the whole range of equipment.
Because this formula approach to nature, so if the formula is applied to calculate the cost of operation and maintenance of one kind peraltan results will be less accurate. But if the equipment is used to calculate all the results are still within the bounds of reasonableness.
Calculation formulas approach the operation and maintenance costs are as follows:
Fuel costs (H)
The amount of fuel used for the engine is hung from the large machines used kapasitass measured by HP (horse power).
H = (05.12 s / d 17.05)% * HP
Where:
H = amount of fuel used in one hour (liters)
HP = horse power
For light duty tool multiplier is used 12.5%, while for heavy duty equipment used in the multiplier 17.5%.
Lubricant Cost (I)
The amount of lubricant (the use of lubricants including grease) used for the equipment concerned is calculated based on engine capacity, as measured by HP.
I = (1 s / d 2)% * HP
Where:
I = the amount of lubricant consumption in the first hour (liters)
HP = horse power
For the simple equipment used in the multiplier 1%, whereas for a fairly complex equipment used in the multiplier 2%.
The cost of repairs and maintenance (K)
For calculating the cost of spare parts, tires, batteries and repair equipment, etc. associated with less improvement in the per-use approach to working hours as follows:
K = (05.12 s / d 17.05)% * B / W
Where:
B = cost of equipment
W = number of working hours within one year
For light duty tool multiplier is used 12.5%, while for heavy duty equipment used in the multiplier 17.5%.
Equipment rental costs
Equipment rental fee per hour is the sum would cost + operating and maintenance costs.
Problem:
Calculate the cost of certain and maintenance costs + operating costs Excavator with 80 HP power and capacity of 0.5 m3. Other data as follows:
• The economic life : 5 years
• Working hours in a year : 2000 hours
• The price of the appliance: Rp. 2,000,000,000, -
• Interest rate : 20% per year
• Wage operators : Rp. 12 500, - per hour
• Wage assistant operator : Rp. 7500, - per hour
• diesel fuel : Rp. 4500, - per liter
• Lubricating Oil : USD. 29 000, - per liter
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